The same year, president Charles Vest made history by being the first university official in the world to admit that his institution had severely restricted the career of women faculty members and researchers through sexist discrimination, and to make steps to redress the issue. In 2001, MIT announced that it planned to put course materials online as part of its OpenCourseWare project. MIT's Great Dome, as viewed from across the Charles River. MIT's contributions to twentieth century science and technology include the Whirlwind computer, which introduced magnetic core memory the Lisp programming language the Multics operating system the X Window System and many cultural contributions to the development of personal computing. MIT's prominence increased as a result of World War II (see radar) and the United States government's investment in science and technology in response to Sputnik. In 1916, MIT moved across the river to its present location in Cambridge. Around 1900, a merger ( ) was proposed with Harvard University, but was cancelled after protests from MIT's alumni. These two factors made it a perfect fit in many peoples' eyes to merge with nearby Harvard University, which was flush with cash but much weaker in the sciences than it was in the liberal arts. In the following years, it established a sterling reputation in the sciences and in engineering, but it also fell on hard financial times. Construction on the first MIT building was completed in Boston's Back Bay in 1866. His efforts were hampered by the Civil War, and as a result its first classes were held in rented space at the Mercantile Building in downtown Boston in 1865.
With the charter approved, Rogers began raising funds, developing a curriculum and appraising suitable real estate. This was an important first step toward establishing what Rogers hoped would become a new kind of independent educational institution relevant to an increasingly industrialized America.
In 1861, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts approved a charter for the incorporation of the "Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Boston Society of Natural History," submitted by William Barton Rogers, a distinguished natural scientist.
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